Cutting external threads: How to make it work for you
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Cutting external threads yourself can be extremely useful, especially when working with non-standard sizes or when you need a thread directly on a workpiece, like a pipe. This method is also great for re-cutting damaged or dirty external threads. Whether you're doing it by hand or using a machine, the process isn't complicated and can be mastered with the right tools and technique.
To get started, you'll need some essential equipment. The most important tools are the **thread cutting die** and the **die stock**. These two components are crucial for successfully cutting an external thread. In addition to these, you’ll also need:
- A bolt or rod to cut the thread into
- A file to chamfer the end of the bolt
- Cutting oil or paste to reduce friction and heat
The thread cutting die is a cylindrical tool with internal teeth that cut the thread pattern. It often has chip evacuation holes around its circumference and a V-shaped groove for securing it in place. There are different types of dies available, such as automatic dies with extra retention holes, bell-shaped dies, and hexagonal die nuts that can be used with a standard wrench.
When working manually, a **die stock** is used to hold the thread cutting die in place. It typically has handles for better control and gripping power. For machine use, a special chuck is required instead of a die stock. A **die guide** is highly recommended to keep the die aligned straight, which helps ensure a clean, even thread.
Before cutting, it's important to prepare the bolt correctly. The **pre-working diameter** must be slightly smaller than the nominal size, as the die only cuts the thread without reducing the overall diameter. If the bolt doesn’t match the required size, you can adjust it on a lathe. Always make sure to chamfer the end of the bolt before starting, as this helps the die start more smoothly.
When cutting by hand, keeping the die straight is critical. Using a die guide and working carefully will help maintain alignment. For machine use, set the correct feed rate based on the thread pitch. Each turn of the die should cut one complete thread.
Here’s a step-by-step guide to cutting an external thread:
1. Adjust the bolt to the correct diameter and chamfer the end with a file.
2. (Optional) Insert the die guide into the die stock.
3. Place the thread cutting die into the die stock or die chuck and secure it with screws.
4. Apply cutting oil or paste to the die and the bolt.
5. Carefully turn the die onto the bolt. Apply pressure initially, then let the die follow the existing thread.
6. After reaching the desired length, turn the die counterclockwise to remove it.
7. Your new external thread is now ready!
Common mistakes include rough surfaces, excessive force, and the die getting stuck. To avoid these, always check the pre-working diameter, use enough lubricant, and ensure proper alignment. If the die gets stuck, it may be due to incorrect angle or lack of lubrication.
If you're looking for all the tools needed to cut external threads, you can find them in the online shop of **BAER**, a trusted manufacturer of thread cutting tools. Their products are designed for durability and precision, making your threading tasks easier and more efficient. If you have any questions, their customer service team is always happy to assist.
Whether you're a professional or a DIY enthusiast, mastering the art of cutting external threads can save time and money, giving you greater flexibility in your projects. With the right tools and techniques, anyone can achieve clean, accurate threads.