ASTM A178 Carbon Steel Tube
The ASTM A178 standard specifies the minimum wall thickness for resistance-welded pipes made from carbon steel and carbon-manganese steel. These tubes are commonly used in boiler applications, including boiler flues, superheater flues, and safety ends. The available grades include A (low-carbon steel), C (medium-carbon steel), and D (carbon-manganese steel). The manufacturing process typically involves heat treatment, controlled cooling, and welding. If required by the customer, a crushing test can also be conducted to ensure quality and performance.
CSC STEEL offers a wide range of ERW (Electric Resistance Welded) pipes and tubes in various sizes and configurations. In addition to standard ERW products, we provide beveled, threaded, or coupled options, as well as black-finished or coated tubes. Our ERW pipes are available in multiple steel grades, such as ASTM A53 Structural Pipe, API 5L Line Pipe, and ASTM A252 Piling Pipe. For precision applications like boilers, superheaters, and heat exchangers, we specialize in producing high-quality ASTM A178 ERW tubes. If you need customized solutions for other projects, please explore our Boiler Tube and Pipe Products section or contact us for a detailed quote.
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ASTM A178 ERW Pipe/Tube Chemical Composition:
| Steel Grade |
Element |
Chemical Composition, % |
Grade A,
Low-Carbon Steel |
Grade C,
Medium-Carbon Steel |
Grade D,
Carbon-Manganese Steel |
| ASTM A178 |
Carbon |
0.06–0.18 |
0.35 max |
0.27 max |
| Manganese |
0.27–0.63 |
0.80 max |
1.00–1.50 |
| Phosphorus, max |
0.035 |
0.035 |
0.030 |
| Sulfur, max |
0.035 |
0.035 |
0.015 |
| Silicon |
… |
… |
0.10 min |
ASTM A178 ERW Pipe/Tube Crush Test:
| Steel Grade |
Wall Thickness of Tubes, in. [mm] |
Height of Crushed Section, in. [mm] |
| Grade A Tubes |
Grade C and D Tubes |
| ASTM A178 |
0.135[3.43] and under |
3/4[19] or until outside folds are in contact |
Crush tests not required |
| Over 0.135 [3.43] |
1 1/4 [32] |
… |
ASTM A178 ERW Pipe/Tube Mechanical Properties:
| ASTM A178 |
Grade C |
Grade D |
| Tensile Strength, min, ksi [MPa] |
255 |
275 |
| Yield Strength, min, ksi [MPa] |
415 |
485 |
| Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, min, % |
30 |
30 |
Comparison Tables (ASTM, JIS, DIN, BS, NBN, NF, UNI):
| ASTM STANDARD |
UNS NO. |
KOREA/JAPANESE |
GERMAN |
BRITISH |
BELGIAN |
FRENCH |
ITALIAN |
| KS/JIS Symbol |
KS/JIS Number |
Remarks |
DIN Type |
DIN Number |
Material Number |
Remarks |
B.S Number |
B.S Grade |
 |
NBN Type |
NBN Grade |
Remarks |
AFNOR Type |
NF Number |
Remarks |
UNI Type |
UNI Number |
Remarks |
A 178
C-Steel Electric-Resistance-Welded Boiler Tubes |
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| Grade A |
K01200 |
STBH 340 / STB 35 |
D3563 / G3461 |
St 37.8 |
17177 |
1.0315 |
(7) |
3059 |
ERW 320 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
(3) |
 |
 |
(3) |
| Grade C |
K03503 |
SHBH 410 / STB 42 |
D3563 / G3461 |
St 42.8 |
17177 |
1.0498 |
(7) |
 |
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(3) |
 |
 |
(3) |
JIS Number and Corresponding Foreign Standards:
| JIS |
ASTM |
BS |
DIN |
NF |
ISO |
Index Number |
| Standard Number |
Grade |
Type |
Standard Number |
Grade |
Type |
Standard Number |
Grade |
Type |
Standard Number |
Grade |
Type |
Standard Number |
Grade |
Type |
Standard Number |
Grade |
Type |
| G3461 |
STB340 |
C |
A161 |
LC |
C |
3059 |
HFS320 |
C |
 |
 |
 |
A49-245 |
TS34e |
C |
 |
 |
 |
C010 |
| Â |
(STB35) |
 |
A192 |
- |
C |
" |
CFS320 |
C |
 |
 |
 |
" |
TS34c |
C |
 |
 |
 |
 |
| Â |
 |
 |
A226 |
- |
C |
" |
ERW320 |
C |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
| Â |
 |
 |
A556 |
GrA2 |
C |
" |
CEW320 |
C |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
| Â |
 |
 |
A557 |
GrA2 |
C |
" |
S1 360 |
C |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
| Â |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
" |
S2 360 |
C |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
| Â |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
" |
ERW 360 |
C |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
| Â |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
" |
CEW360 |
C |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
| Â |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
3606 |
ERW320 |
C |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
| Â |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
" |
CEW320 |
C |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
| Â |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
" |
CFS320 |
C |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
| Â |
STB410 |
C |
A179 |
GrC |
C |
3059 |
S1 440 |
C |
17175 |
St45.8 |
C |
A49-213 |
TU42c |
C |
2604/2 |
TS9H |
C |
 |
| Â |
(STB42) |
 |
A210 |
GrA1 |
C |
" |
S2 440 |
C |
17177 |
St42.8 |
C |
A49-215 |
TU42c |
C |
" |
TW9H |
C |
 |
| Â |
 |
 |
A556 |
GrB2 |
C |
" |
ERW 440 |
C |
 |
 |
 |
A49-243 |
TS42c |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
| Â |
 |
 |
A557 |
GrB2 |
C |
" |
CEW 440 |
C |
 |
 |
 |
A49-245 |
TS42c |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
| Â |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
3602 |
HFS 410 |
C |
 |
 |
 |
" |
TS42c |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
| Â |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
" |
CFS 410 |
C |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
| Â |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
" |
ERW 410 |
C |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
| Â |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
" |
CEW 410 |
C |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
| Â |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
3606 |
ERW 440 |
C |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
| Â |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
" |
CEW 440 |
C |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
| Â |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
" |
CFS 440 |
C |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
| STB510 |
C |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
C |
17175 |
19Mn5 |
C |
A49-213 |
TU52C |
C |
2604/2 |
TS18 |
C |
 |
| (STB52) |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
C |
 |
 |
 |
A49-248 |
TU52C |
C |
 |
 |
 |
 |
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