Looking at China's Rail Traffic Video Surveillance System from the Derailment of Argentine Trains
First, the characteristics of China's rail transit Rail transit is an important part of the urban public transportation system. The main types include subways, light rail, trams, and maglev trains. Rail transit has always been highly valued by countries around the world because it has the advantage of guiding the city's layout adjustment, saving land resources, protecting the environment, saving energy, solving residents' travel, and promoting industrial economic development. Currently in the world, rail transit has gradually become the main mode of urban travel. China’s rail transit started relatively late. In recent years, with the development of economy, the pace of urbanization and motorization in China has entered an accelerated phase. Rail transit has quickly become the primary choice for many cities to solve traffic problems, and has formed subways in our country. With the diversified development trend of urban rapid railways, elevated light rails, etc., China has now become the fastest growing region in the world. Shi Zhongheng, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, stated that China has approved 96 rail transit lines in 29 cities, totaling 2,200 kilometers. Another 18 cities are planning. A total of 47 cities are constructing or preparing 300 urban rail transits. It is expected that the mileage of China's urban rail transit will reach 3,000 kilometers during the 12th Five-Year Plan period. With the Chinese government's timely adjustment of macroeconomic policies, proposing the expansion of domestic demand and maintaining economic growth, the government has further intensified infrastructure construction. Local governments have also issued policies and plans, and a large number of cities have started to build rail transit. According to the first batch of urban rail transit project plans approved by the State Council, the planned route length to 2015 is 2400 kilometers, and the investment scale is nearly 700 billion yuan. At the 2nd China Rail Transit Power and Electrification Development Forum, some experts pointed out that during the 12th Five-Year Plan period, the construction mileage of subways and light rails in cities across the country will reach 2,600 kilometers, and the amount of construction investment plans will reach 1.27 trillion yuan. According to reports, as of August 2011, there were 1,568 km of rail transit lines built in the country, with 50 completed lines and a total of 995 stations. At the same time, a total of 30 urban rail transit construction plans in the country have been approved. Among them, 20 cities adjusted and expanded the scale of construction during the planning period. In addition, there are 9 newly declared city plans under review. No matter which data, it shows that China’s rail transit construction is ushering in a historic opportunity for large-scale development under the influence of various factors. As an important part of rail transit safety precautions, video surveillance in the rail transit industry has thus obtained an unprecedented space for development, and its market size is evident. As a public place with very high mobility and large numbers of people gathered, rail transit needs to use video surveillance systems to achieve full-scale and all-round security protection. In fact, from the perspective of deployed applications around the world, rail transit video surveillance systems have indeed played a very important role. We still remember our London Subway bombings. According to relevant reports, from the investigation of the case, the London chain explosion case was analyzed as a suicide bombing within 6 days and it was determined that several young local criminal suspects were responsible. In just 13 days, the police announced the first TV surveillance image of the first four explosives before the final operation, which is mainly based on video surveillance systems throughout the region. According to relevant data, only 1,800 cameras are monitored at London Railway Station, and more than 6,000 cameras are operating in the London Underground. It was the call and analysis of the 10,000 hours of image data on these cameras that enabled the London police to produce results quickly and efficiently. It can be said that video surveillance systems have become the most important and effective guarantee for rail transit safety. At present, video surveillance systems have been installed at rail transit stations in major cities in China, which have achieved security monitoring within the stations and have played an important role. According to reports, more than 2,000 video surveillance devices have been installed on 64 stations and trains in the Guangzhou Metro. The monitoring points are found throughout the station. In recent years, the Metro Sub-bureau successfully cracked more than 200 cases of various types of cases through the subway video surveillance system. In order to ensure the safety of the Olympics, Beijing has installed more than 4,200 cameras at 123 stations of eight subway lines that have been opened for 24-hour surveillance. This has played an important role in ensuring the safety of the city. Second, the development trend At the same time, we also see that, although the application of video surveillance systems in China's rail transit is now relatively popular, there is still a long way to go in terms of its breadth and depth of application. What is gratifying is that new technologies appearing in video surveillance and even in the entire security field are accelerating the advancement and efficiency of rail transit video surveillance systems. The following trends are becoming the basis for better and more efficient rail transit video surveillance. 1. Networking Networking is the inevitable trend of rail transit video surveillance, reflected in two aspects: First, the technical architecture is based on a fully networked architecture; second, all monitoring systems must be networked. Since network video surveillance has unparalleled advantages in traditional monitoring in terms of deployment, management, and application, network video surveillance has become a government, finance, and, in recent years, with the popularity of concepts, network maturity, and cost reduction. High-end industries such as transportation and medical care are the first choices for building large-scale monitoring systems. For rail transit, the installation location of its video surveillance involves all links such as stations, depots, trains, parking lots, main substations, management houses, outbound populations, ticket offices, banks, etc., to achieve these monitoring points. The flexible deployment, and easy access to the control center, the network is definitely the best solution. The rail transit in each city of our country is in the stage of construction and development. There is no complete rail transit network. Basically, each line has its own independent control center. Each line carries out separate operations and separate governance. The video surveillance system is also monitored individually on each line, and most of them are digitally controlled analog video surveillance systems. With the development of urban rail transit, rail transit will form a complete transportation network, and a unified dispatching and control center is needed to carry out overall operation and overall management of the entire rail transit network. This is the big networking. In order to achieve convenient and large-scale networking and achieve efficient, high-performance unified management after large-scale networking, it is necessary to rely on networked video surveillance. 2. Intelligent According to relevant experimental results, after watching the video screen for 22 minutes, the human eye will ignore more than 95% of the activity information in the video screen. Therefore, traditional video surveillance has always faced two problems: First, it is difficult for security personnel to monitor and detect sudden or threatening security incidents in real time and effectively. This has led to a large number of video surveillance systems that have only played through the video storage and used for forensic evidence. It is difficult to quickly and accurately search for information on related events in mass storage videos and it takes a lot of time and effort to conduct investigations and evidence collection after an incident occurs. This is particularly true for rail transit, which is very large and must detect problems quickly and efficiently. Therefore, intelligent analysis technology will inevitably become one of the important directions for rail transit video surveillance. It can perform real-time analysis of surveillance video images to locate, identify and track targets in dynamic scenes, and analyze and judge the behavior of targets. Therefore, it can respond in time when an abnormal situation occurs, enabling early detection and active prevention, helping security personnel to effectively avoid or efficiently handle emergencies. In addition to real-time prevention, intelligent analysis technology can also play a very important role in improving the efficiency of video retrieval. Based on intelligent analysis, video surveillance video data can be automatically added to various analysis data, including various types of intelligent alarm events, face recognition information, character morphology information, etc., based on these data, security personnel can be based on a variety of events and information Conveniently retrieve related videos, freeing them from massive amounts of stored data and increasing efficiency. Security Management 3. High-definition Because of the popularity of network monitoring, the trend of high-definition video surveillance is very obvious, and it has been applied more and more. According to the relevant definitions of the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE), ITU, and China's national broadcasting and television, there are currently three main types of real HD video formats: 720P, 1080i, and 1080p. Compared with the traditional D1 and CIF formats, HD can provide significantly improved video clarity and video smoothness. Taking the highest-ranking 1080P as an example, the resolution is 1920×1080, the image resolution is 20 times that of CIF video, 5 times that of D1 video, and the 1080P frame rate can reach 60 frames/second or 60 fields/second. The degree is more than twice that of D1 and CIF. For rail transit, the use of high-definition monitoring to achieve more accurate and more efficient video applications is obviously very urgent. This is not only to achieve high-definition real-time monitoring and video storage; it is also the need for intelligent monitoring. The clearer the image, the higher the accuracy and efficiency of intelligent analysis. Of course, to deploy high-definition surveillance, it must be based on a networked architecture, because high-definition monitoring must be networked. Rail transit will likely become the first universal application market for high-definition surveillance due to the tilt of the national investment policy. 4. Visual Command and Dispatch throughout Command and dispatch is very important for improving the efficient operation management and emergency response capabilities of rail transit. At present, with the popularization of visual communication applications such as video conferences, traditional command and dispatch are moving toward the direction of interaction and visualization. The trend of visual command and dispatch for rail transit deployment will be obvious. In order to call any surveillance site image at any time in the process of visual command and dispatch, it is necessary to realize the integration of visual command dispatching and video surveillance. How to integrate to truly ensure the best integration between the two systems will be the key. 5. Security Comprehensive Management In addition to video surveillance, security systems applied in rail transit include access control, electronic fences, and emergency warning systems. At present, most of these systems are operated independently and independently, and they are not related to each other. From the point of view of improving management efficiency and maximizing the use of early warning and joint defense, these systems must adopt unified management and realize mutual integration and integration. This is security comprehensive management. Through comprehensive security management, on the one hand, security personnel can be provided with a unified login, management, and business browsing interface. They can manage and view the services of all security subsystems through the same platform, which greatly improves the management concentration and convenience. Management efficiency; On the other hand, through the integration of monitoring, alarm, access control and other security subsystems, it can help security personnel handle all kinds of emergency events more intuitively and more efficiently, thereby effectively improving the comprehensive prevention capabilities of the preparedness and security subsystem. Today, as rail transit faces great development, rail transit video surveillance is showing obvious trends in networking, intelligence, high-definition, image scheduling and integrated security management. These trends will also make rail transit video surveillance Better, more efficient direction of development.
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