[ China Agricultural Machinery Industry News ] Recently, the Northeast Region Regional Corn Straw Comprehensive Utilization Synergy Innovation Alliance and the Northeast Regional Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Alliance was established in Changchun City, Jilin Province, aiming to "find the way" for the comprehensive utilization of corn stalks in the northeast region. It not only solves the problem of rural pollution source management, but also turns harm into profit and turns waste into treasure, which provides a new way for the development of circular agriculture in northern China.
Northeast "Bao Tuan" Research on Straw Way to Develop Circular Agriculture
The Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Alliance was initiated by the Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences and was jointly established by the Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, and the Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation. The Northeast Regional Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Alliance aims to integrate agricultural science and technology innovation resources in Northeast China, build a regional agricultural science and technology innovation and exchange platform, target the bottleneck problem of comprehensive utilization of corn straw in Northeast China, and gather superior scientific and technological strength through different regions, different disciplines and different links. Collaborative innovation forms a “group-style†research and development model to solve major scientific problems and common key technologies in regional agricultural development.
For many years, people have tried to fertilize straw and human and animal manure through biogas, but it is difficult to achieve due to low temperature in winter. After years of exploration, experts from the Institute of Rural Energy and Ecology of Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences have successfully developed a new set of biogas fermentation technology. The technology can make a large amount of straw and human and animal manure biogas fermentation, which not only solves the problem of rural pollution source control, but also can turn harm into profit and turn waste into treasure, which provides a new way for the development of circular agriculture in northern China.
Wu Xinghong, dean of the Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, introduced at the conference that straw is used as raw material, feed and fuel. The problem of comprehensive utilization is straw collection, transportation and storage. To this end, the Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences proposed the solution of “leading enterprises + cooperatives + farmers†to cultivate new business entities for straw storage, storage and transportation. Exploring the establishment of a storage and transportation system focusing on straw machine harvesting and bundling, and exerting the role of radiation belt on the basis of the pilot, and gradually realize the coverage of the straw machine.
Straw returning has always been one of the key research topics of the Alliance. In terms of direct returning to the field, in response to the problems of low temperature in the northeast region and difficulty in straw decomposing, the Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences proposed a technical system for the direct return of the whole field of mechanized corn straw with the principle of “deep turning back to the field and coexisting in multiple waysâ€. At the same time, relying on the national “One Belt and One Road†development plan, we introduced Trichoderma which can rapidly decompose plant residues under low temperature conditions and have improved soil characteristics. From the roots, it solved the technical problem that the straw in the northeast region is not easy to be decomposed after being returned to the soil. . In 2015-2016, the technical system has promoted more than 200,000 mu in Gongzhuling City and Songyuan City in the northeastern part of the country, with significant social and economic benefits.
In terms of energy utilization of straw, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences has proposed the anaerobic inverted layer burning technology of corn stalks, and developed the “three provinces†(saving money, saving materials, and saving) biomass heating boilers, and obtained the state, the boiler has been “ Into more than 2,000 farmers' homes.
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