Daily maintenance of transformers
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1. Enhance daily inspections, maintenance, and regular testing. In addition to regular inspections of transformers, I have also asked management personnel to intensify daily inspections and make decisions in accordance with the division of labor of management personnel in Taiwan. Highlights include:
(1) Look at the appearance. Mainly check whether there is oil leakage outside the transformer, whether there is smoke or discharge of parts. Because the transformer shell is not tightly welded or the rubber pad is not true, the transformer may leak oil. If the oil level is too low, the insulation protection will be lost, leading to discharge between the conductive parts or between the conductive part and the shell. In severe cases, the transformer will be destroyed. Therefore, it is necessary to eliminate faults and supplement oil in time to ensure that the oil level is maintained at 1/4-3/4 of the oil standard. For parts loose, poor contact or even discharge phenomenon, transformer drop insurance should be disconnected in time to eliminate hidden dangers.
(2) Listen to the sound. A normally operating transformer emits a uniform and subtle squeaky sound, and the sound changes when a transformer of a different nature fails. At this time, measures should be taken based on the situation on the site to find the cause of the failure.
(3) To inspect the oil on the distribution transformer and the dust on the high- and low-voltage bushings, clean and wipe off the oil and dust in time to prevent the flashing discharge from the humid weather or rainy days, and the short-circuit between the bushings, the high-voltage fuses, and the distribution. Change does not work properly. I asked the patrolling staff to clean it at least once every 2 months.
(4) Observe the oil color, regularly check the oil temperature, especially increase the number of inspections under heavy weather, large temperature difference, and bad weather, and the top oil temperature during the operation of the oil-immersed distribution transformer shall not exceed 95°C. In order to prevent the windings and oil from deteriorating too quickly, the temperature rise of the top oil should not exceed 45°C.
(5) Measure the insulation resistance of the distribution transformer and check whether each lead wire is firm. Special attention should be paid to whether the low-voltage outlet connection is in good contact and whether the temperature is abnormal.
(6) Strengthen the measurement of electricity load. In the peak period of electricity consumption, strengthen the load measurement for each distribution transformer, increase the number of measurements if necessary, and timely adjust the distribution transformer with unbalanced three-phase current to prevent the neutral line. Excessive current blows the leads, causing damage to the user's equipment and damage to the transformer. The connection group is Yyn0's distribution transformer. The three-phase load should be balanced as much as possible. It is not allowed to use only one or two phases for power supply. The neutral current should not exceed 25% of the rated current of the low-voltage side so that the distribution transformer does not overload or deviate from the load. run.
(7) Regularly check the replacement of the secondary fuses. It is forbidden to replace the fuses with aluminum wires. As we all know, a fuse protects the system. The secondary fuse protects the transformer. The fuse selection must be compatible with the transformer capacity.
2, to prevent external damage:
(1) Reasonably select the distribution site for the distribution transformer. The installation site should be as close to the load center as possible, and the power supply radius should be controlled within 0.5 km. At the same time, it should try to avoid installing it in lightning-prone or low-lying areas. Because it is located in the county town, there are many transformers near the intersection. In order to reduce the impact of cars hitting the tower, all the bars along the side of the road are marked with anti-collision signs.
(2) Try to avoid installing low-voltage metering boxes on distribution transformers. Due to prolonged operation, the glass of the metering box may be damaged or the damage of the low-voltage pile head may not be replaced in time, resulting in damage to the power meter due to rain or other causes. . More than 95% of our public distribution transformers are installed with JP cabinets, which plays a very good role in the safe operation of transformers.
(3) It is not allowed to adjust the tap-changer privately to prevent the distribution switch from being burnt out due to a phase-to-phase short circuit caused by the failure of the tap-changer.
(4) Install insulation cover at the high and low pressure side of the transformer to prevent natural disasters and damage to foreign objects. Install high and low voltage insulation cover in the narrow roads and animals in and out of the forest area to prevent the distribution transformer from getting out Short circuit low voltage and burn distribution.
(5) Make regular inspections of the line and cut down the line passage to prevent accidents where the branches touch the conductor and cause the low-voltage short circuit to burn out the distribution transformer.