Nickel flash smelting operation
The process of opening the flash furnace includes: 1 preparation before opening the furnace; 2 heating; 3 feeding; 4 melt discharge and transfer to normal production.  The following table   Flash furnace opening process feeding parameters Adding material 30 ( th -1 ) 40(th -1 ) 50(th -1 ) Reaction tower 7.2 10 8 Flux / (th -1 ) 5 6.4 19000 Ash / (th -1 ) 23250 21450 11000 Mixed secondary air (standard) / (m 3 .h -1 ) 5250 8050 780 Mixed oxygen (standard) / (m 3 .h -1 ) 1000 860 　 Heavy oil / (Lh -1 ) 　 　 　 Depleted area 1.5 2 2.5 Block coal / (th -1) 0 0.3 (2.5/8) 0.25 (2.0/8) Flux / (th -1 ) 0 2.5 2.c Return / (th -1 ) 7 to 8/7 to 8 9 to 10/10 to 11 9 to 10/10 to 11 Voltage series (A/B) 2.0/2.0 3.5/3.2 3.5/3.5 Electrode power (A/B) / MW 25000 ～ 26000 48000 50000 Power consumption per shift / kWh 　 　 　 ‎Multi Process Welder
1. The guide rail is rectangular;
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1) Preparation before opening the furnace When the flash furnace starts to heat up, the peripheral system must be carefully checked to repair the equipment and facilities that have problems. According to the requirements of the furnace planning, it will be normal within the specified time. Prepare to run production. That is, it is required to have normal feeding, exhaust and dust collection, oxygen supply and supply, and water supply conditions; all instruments, weighing equipment and computer systems are in normal working condition; all waste heat boilers are in an important condition for normal operation.
Before the flash furnace starts to heat up, the internal system has to be overhauled. The requirements for temperature-increasing feeding conditions within the time specified in the furnace planning plan are:
(1) Reaction tower distribution and feeding system. There is no abnormality in the operation of the air root and the feeding and scraping scraper, and the position of each regulating valve is accurate and the switch is flexible.
(2) Concentrate nozzle system. Pull out the concentrate nozzle, disassemble it, check the wear of the material tube or replace it, and reassemble according to the technical requirements. For supporting the control valve, and the valve metal tube inspection, repair or replacement, and reassembly.
(3) Hot air system. Check, repair or replace the high, regulating valve, check valve and pressure in each wind point of the primary air system, and inspect and repair the preheater. The secondary air system checks and repairs the fan, heater and regulating valve of the hot air system of the sedimentation tank; inspects and repairs the heating of the secondary air system of the reaction tower and the regulating valve.
(4) Fuel system. Inspection and inspection of all oil pumps, websites, regulating valves and oil guns.
(5) Cooling water system. Inspect and repair the cooling water jacket, water-cooled beam, water-cooled gate, pipeline pump, spray chamber and their respective regulating valves in each area.
(6) Electrode system. Inspection and inspection of the ascending cylinder, upper and lower gate ring, collector ring, copper tile and its wedge device, oil and water pipe, etc., to ensure the system is flexible and reliable.
(7) Hydraulic system. After checking and repairing the oil pump, all adjustment and control valves of the system, the hydraulic oil must be filtered, and the nitrogen sealing structure has no obvious leakage.
(8) Transformer system. Inspection and maintenance of transformers and short nets for sampling analysis, pressing, fastening, cleaning, etc.
(9) Furnace system. Repairing bricks with burning and severe corrosion of the celestial body; inspecting and repairing the observation hole of the furnace body, the oil gun hole, and the nickel mouth of the slag mouth. Checking or replacing the slag discharge, nickel turbulence tank or bushing The fastening spring of the furnace body is inspected, and the finished shirt is sealed for the observation hole that is not used during the heating process, the oil gun and the feeding tube of the depleted zone.
(10) Substances, feeding systems and environmental protection systems in depleted areas. Inspect, repair and carry out continuous operation of various ingredients, feeding equipment and facilities, and inspect, maintain or overhaul the fan, ash remover, screw conveyor and pulse bag dust collector of the environmental dust collection system, and carry out the empty The negative revolutionary history runs continuously.
(11) Depleted electric furnace system. The electrode system, transformer system, batching system, cooling water system and furnace body are inspected and inspected to meet the normal production conditions.
(12) Converter system. The furnace system, the feeding system, the water cooling system and the crane are inspected and repaired accordingly, and the normal production conditions are met. [next]
2) Heating The new furnace of the flash furnace is usually heated for a long time to slowly dry the water in the thicker masonry. Before the flash furnace starts to start the feeding operation, the furnace must be preheated to the operating temperature close to the desired one. The temperature rise of the flash furnace is realized by burning the heavy oil or diesel oil through the top of the reaction tower and the sedimentation tank and the depleted area. The heating process requires slow and uniform and spalling to give it sufficient erosion resistance.
During the heating process of the flash furnace, it is usually controlled according to the following principles: 1 The temperature of the temporary thermocouple of the ascending flue is taken as the main control temperature and the temperature fluctuation error of other areas of the furnace is considered to be no more than 20 °C. 2 When the negative pressure of the sedimentation tank is kept constant, the principle of multi-oil gun and small oil quantity is used to achieve uniform temperature rise.
The temperature rise is carried out according to the temperature rise curve (below). The heating process of the flash furnace is about 7 to 8 days, and the temperature rise rate of 4 to 6 ° C / h is controlled, and the two constant temperature points of 750 ° C and 1100 ° C are controlled. It is worth pointing out that the heating rate depends on the repair of the furnace body.
3) Feeding After the furnace is preheated to the required temperature, it can be transferred to the feeding operation stage. The feed temperature is usually controlled to increase the temperature of the temporary thermocouple in the ascending flue to above 1250 ° C, and the space temperature of the reaction column to reach above 1300 ° C. 
Usually, the feeding amount of this furnace is staged, and the feeding amount is gradually increased according to the operating condition of the system. The whole process is roughly divided into two stages: 1 adjustment stage, usually 3-7D, feeding amount 30-40t/h, This section mainly adjusts the grade of nickel niobium, so that the furnace wall slag and the auxiliary system, especially the furnace body, have an adjustment and adaptation process; in the normal production stage, when the amount of material increases to 40t/h, if there is no special situation, the sedimentation can be extinguished. The tank oil gun enters the production stage with a full load of 50-70t/h.
In addition to ensuring the corresponding technical control operations required by each system, the main feeding parameters of the flash furnace are shown in the following table.
4) Melt Discharge After the feeding is carried out for a certain period of time, the slag surface in the furnace will reach 1.2m or more, and the slag should be discharged immediately after the furnace; when the nickel enamel surface reaches 450mm, the slag should be discharged immediately before the furnace. [next]
If the bottom frozen layer or the sediment barrier is thicker before the furnace is opened and the height of the nickel garnet is reached, when the nickel ruthenium rises, there may still be a frozen layer or a sediment layer under the nickel ruthenium surface, which directly hinders the nickel. This is the case with sputum emissions. On the one hand, it is properly adjusted, and on the other hand, it is forced to burn until the nickel lanthanum is discharged. Otherwise, the nickel enamel surface will gradually rise and will not be discharged in time, and the nickel bismuth can be rushed out from the slag mouth, causing a running stove accident. Under normal circumstances, if the furnace temperature, nickel niobium grade and slag type are well controlled, the melt discharge process will progress smoothly. When the nickel slag of each slag is smoothly introduced, the opening work of the flash furnace is all over. In the normal production stage, the flash furnace usually controls the slag surface height to be 500 to 650 mm.
2. It has the characteristics of large bearing capacity, good stability and low deflection.
3. Use the fork to lock the column device to prevent the skateboard and the beam from falling, to prevent the accident from causing the beam to fall.
4. It is widely used in the automatic welding processing of large-scale cylinder workpieces and structures. It is an automatic and efficient auxiliary machine that guarantees welding quality, improves production efficiency and improves working environment.
