Development of 4-axis CNC Development Electrochemical Grinding Machine
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Fig. 1 Development of conductive grinding wheel 
Fig. 2 The realization of the movement distribution and development of CNC electroforming grinding machine According to the requirements of machining the integral impeller, a multi-axis linkage CNC electro-chemical grinding machine has been designed and manufactured (acquired a national utility model patent, patent number .7). The function of the machine's movement mechanism is as follows (Figure 2): The linear motion component of the conductive grinding wheel relative to the workpiece in the Z-axis direction is realized by the elastic support of the machine's conductive grinding wheel to drive the linear movement of the conductive grinding wheel along the Z-axis (0.0005mm/pulse): Conduction The linear motion component of the grinding wheel relative to the workpiece in the X-axis direction is achieved by the machine tool table driving the workpiece along the X-axis linear motion (0.001mm/pulse): The linear motion component of the conductive grinding wheel relative to the workpiece in the Y-axis direction, from the machine table Drive the workpiece in a straight line along the Y-axis to achieve (0.001mm/pulse): The rotational component of the conductive grinding wheel relative to the workpiece is achieved by the rotation of the machine table turntable around its spindle Cw, and the indexing movement of the workpiece is also performed by the machine tool. The rotation of the turret disk around its mandrel Cw is completed (0.001°/pulse): The grinding motion of the conductive grinding wheel is a uniform rotation about the Y-axis. For a combined multi-axis linkage numerical control system, on the premise of satisfying the tolerance requirements, a considerable part of the profile on the blade given by the coordinates of the type points can be approximated by the ruled surface. Therefore, the machining of such parts can be realized by generating a straight edge. In the grinding process, the conductive grinding wheel performs uniform feed movements (including linear motion and rotation) along the respective linkage axes, and the numerical control system evenly distributes input pulses for the drive motors of the respective axes. The development of the conductive grinding wheel of the NC electro-chemical grinding process relative to the development of the workpiece is achieved by the numerical control system controlling the stepping motor to drive the movement mechanism of the machine tool. 
Figure 3 Economic multi-axis linkage numerical control system The numerical control system is composed of economical two-axis numerical control units. It is called a combined multi-axis linkage numerical control system (Figure 3). The core of this design concept is to control a single linkage axis relatively independently by a single numerical control unit, and combine multiple simple axes of single axis into complex multi-axis linkage. The multi-axis linkage of the machine tool is mainly realized through a unique numerical control programming scheme: First, the motion trajectory of the axis of the conductive grinding wheel is assigned to each linkage axis in the form of a motion component by calculation. Then, a common reference axis is determined for the numerical control unit controlling each axis, and each numerical control unit is separately programmed on this basis to ensure that each numerical control unit has the same operation cycle, and each linkage axis has the same movement time. Because each numerical control unit is relatively independent, they work simultaneously in the process of processing, and realize the parallel control of each axis of the machine tool. This is different from the centralized microprocessor-based numerical control system which depends on time-sharing for multi-axis control. True multi-axis linkage. In this way, as long as all the numerical control units are started at the same time when the processing is started, it is possible to realize the development processing according to the predetermined movement trajectory. In order to achieve the purpose of starting the numerical control units at the same time, a total start button is created for the entire numerical control system. Pressing this button at the start of processing, the unified start signal will be simultaneously transmitted to the numerical control units that make up the system, so as to guarantee the numerical control. The unit starts at the same time. This combined multi-axis linkage CNC has obvious advantages: it can be easily extended to control any number of linkage axes, and additional CNC units can be added specifically to control the auxiliary functions of the machine tool: Each numerical control unit that makes up the system Still has a considerable degree of independence, can according to the processing need separately carries on the appropriate adjustment to each numerical control unit's processing procedure: It may apply to each kind of numerical control processing machine tool. The economical multi-axis numerical control system and its linkage control method have won national invention patents (public number: CN1155111A, approved on November 10, 2000). 2 Line Contact Forming Complex Machining Mathematic Models Sub-enveloping Surface Šj Generation Due to Due to the limitations of traditional surface machining and detection methods, most of the curved surfaces are still defined by discrete points on the parallel plane truncated lines, and a sub-enveloping surface, Šj, is a complex orbit surface with two complex surfaces. In the following, a cone-shaped grinding wheel is used as an example to establish a mathematical model of the trajectory of the grinding wheel axis forming the enveloping surface of the Šj sub-aspect.Obviously, as long as the conical grinding wheel is always tangent to these two tangent lines, it is processed. The curved surface must have these two truncated lines. For complex surfaces described by other methods, you can first fit a Cons surface, and then use the parallel plane to cut off, and you can also get a set of truncated lines. Now the two plane truncated lines (in the case of a leaf pot) for which the grinding wheel is to remain tangent are defined as {Z1=f1(x1) { Z2=f2(x2) Y1=C1 Y2=C2 where: C1, C2 Constant, if the grinding wheel and the two truncations The tangent coordinates of the tangent point are (X1, Y1, Z1) and (X2, Y2, Z2) respectively, then the trajectory of the axis of the grinding wheel should satisfy the equation fj (X, Y, Z, gv, b0, X1, Y1, Z1, X2, Y2, Z2, R1, R2) = 0 Where: gv=gv(X), b0=b0(X) are two azimuths that determine the axis of the grinding wheel: R1, R2 are the small and large heads of the conical grinding wheel Radius (constant): X, Y, Z are the fixed point coordinates on the axis of the grinding wheel. According to the constraint condition of the front end of the grinding wheel is usually a space curved surface, so add a constraint equation f(X,Y,Z)=0 and according to the edge of the grinding wheel The curved surface is placed in a flat direction, and the grinding wheel is moved in a certain direction, so the variation law of gv=gv(X) can be given in advance.After solving the above equations, the trajectory of the axis of the grinding wheel can be obtained. The sub-enveloping surface Šj. This surface is a smooth curved surface passing through two front and rear truncated lines.. Machining the mathematical model of the grinding wheel trajectory for the overall complex surface The above discussion only solved the mathematical model of the trajectory of the grinding wheel tangent to the front and rear two truncated lines. Only two truncated lines are used to describe an envelope surface with only the first two last truncated lines. Then the middle truncated line may have a large deviation from this enveloping surface. After inspection, this deviation does not exceed the allowable error, which is certainly acceptable. However, this situation is not representative, and usually requires multiple envelope surfaces. The splicing approach approximates a complex surface.The assembly of this envelope surface is denoted by ,, and its equation is Y=F(X,Z). At this time, the splicing plane can be regarded as the splicing of each sub-enveloping surface Š= n Šj U j=1 In the formula, n is the number of split blocks.In addition, the establishment of the front constraint equation, the error control at the interface, the interference check of the grinding wheel bar, the interference between the grinding wheel bar and the adjacent curved surface, and the determination of the radius and length of the cone grinding wheel are also considered. 3 Conclusion Through the use of orthogonal test method to design the test plan and optimize the best process plan, the machining accuracy of the machine tool meets the technical requirements of the overall impeller, the surface roughness Ra0.8 ~ 0.2μm, the processing efficiency is 19 times higher than manual polishing about. Numerically controlled electrolytic grinding can also process some high-hardness parts with complicated profiles, such as hard alloy cutting tools, measuring tools, and molds. With the rapid development of science and technology in China, many equipments in some advanced scientific departments and emerging fields often work in high temperature, high pressure, and harsh environments. Therefore, materials with high hardness, infusibilty, and special physical properties are widely used, and materials are becoming more and more difficult to process. This will certainly provide broad application prospects for the new technology of numerically developed electrolytic grinding.
With good printing performance of rolling material for multi-color continuous printing.
With 360 degree of installment equip, ease of operation, and stability. The part of transmission is adopted with gear structure with full sealing lubrication.
The tension system is adopted with magnetic powder clutch controller, the parts of rewinding is adopted with torque motor With double oven passage design, fast printing. Winding and rewinding are both double working mechanisms to make the material complete with non-stop.
Printing mode of color-range from one to eight colors can be chosen freely at will.